How to Do NSDR: The Step-by-Step Protocol That Works

A single NSDR session can increase baseline dopamine by 65% and drop cortisol measurably, per PET scan research from 2002. I dug into the studies and the top-ranking guides, and here's a step-by-step protocol for how to do NSDR the right way, with specific options for morning activation, afternoon recharge, and pre-sleep wind-down.

Here's the quick version:

1. NSDR is a guided body scan protocol, not meditation: you follow audio cues instead of focusing on one thing
2. Sessions as short as 10 minutes produce measurable changes in brain chemistry
3. The core technique: lie down, extend your exhales, follow a body scan from toes to head
4. Morning NSDR boosts dopamine and focus for the day ahead
5. Afternoon sessions replace naps without the grogginess
6. Use a guided track until the pattern becomes automatic

Here's what I've noticed most people get wrong about NSDR: they assume it's rebranded meditation. It's not.

Meditation typically asks you to focus on a single object, like your breath, a mantra, or a sensation, and return to it when your mind wanders. That's effortful. You're training concentration.

Non-sleep deep rest flips the script. A guided audio track walks you through body awareness cues, breath adjustments, and intentional relaxation. You're not focusing harder. You're letting go in a structured way.

As Huberman puts it: "NSDR is a zero-cost, zero-side-effect tool that, based on the research, can help restore mental and physical vigor."

What happens in your brain

When you follow an NSDR protocol, your brain shifts from beta waves (fast, active thinking) down into alpha and theta territory. Theta waves are associated with that half-asleep, half-awake zone. Your body relaxes, but you stay conscious.

The Kjaer 2002 study measured this with PET scans and found theta activity during yoga nidra correlated with a 65% increase in dopamine release in the ventral striatum.

Why Huberman rebranded yoga nidra

Andrew Huberman coined "non-sleep deep rest" because yoga nidra carries baggage. "Yoga" makes people think of poses. "Nidra" sounds mystical. Neither reflects what's actually happening: a guided protocol that shifts your nervous system from sympathetic (fight or flight) to parasympathetic (rest and recover). Same mechanism, better packaging.

This is what you came for. Here's the NSDR protocol broken into five steps with specific timing.

Total time: 10 to 20 minutes, depending on how long you spend on the body scan.

Step 1: set up your environment (1 minute)

Lie down on your back. Couch, bed, floor with a mat, whatever works. Arms by your sides or resting on your stomach.

The non-negotiables: reasonably quiet room, phone on Do Not Disturb, and you shouldn't need to hold your body up. A chair works too, but lying down is better because your muscles can fully disengage.

Step 2: start with extended exhale breathing (2-3 minutes)

Here's the thing: the single fastest way to activate your parasympathetic nervous system is to make your exhales longer than your inhales. This isn't a relaxation suggestion. It's physiology.

Breathe in through your nose for 4 seconds. Exhale slowly through your nose or mouth for 6 to 8 seconds. The extended exhale slows your heart rate and signals to your brain that you're safe. Do this for 2 to 3 minutes until you feel your body start to settle.

To accelerate the process, try the physiological sigh: two quick inhales through the nose (the second tops off your lungs), followed by one long exhale through the mouth.

Step 3: follow the body scan (5-15 minutes)

This is the core of NSDR. Starting at your toes, bring attention to each body part and consciously relax it. The progression: toes, feet, ankles, calves, knees, thighs, hips, lower back, stomach, chest, shoulders, arms, hands, neck, jaw, face, scalp.

Spend 20 to 30 seconds on each zone. You're not trying to "feel" anything specific. Just notice what's there and let the tension release.

I'll be honest: this is where most people struggle without a guided track. Your mind will wander. You'll skip body parts. You'll rush through. A 10 minute NSDR guided audio solves this by keeping the pacing steady and your attention on track.

Step 4: rest in stillness (2-3 minutes)

After completing the body scan, just lie there. This is the window where your brain consolidates the shift into deeper alpha and theta states. In meditation, you'd continue focusing. In NSDR, you let your brain idle.

Step 5: return slowly (1 minute)

Wiggle your fingers and toes. Take a few deeper breaths. Open your eyes when ready. Give yourself 30 to 60 seconds to transition back.

That's it. Five steps, and you just gave your nervous system a hard reset without sleeping.

Most people think of NSDR as an afternoon or pre-sleep practice. But here's what I found surprising: morning NSDR might be the highest-leverage use of the protocol.

Why morning NSDR works differently than afternoon

When you wake up, your cortisol naturally spikes. That's normal and healthy, it's called the cortisol awakening response. But if you slept poorly, or you're chronically stressed, that spike can feel more like anxiety than alertness.

A morning NSDR session, even just 10 minutes, helps regulate that cortisol spike while replenishing the dopamine your brain depleted overnight. Dr. Wendy Suzuki's research at NYU found that a daily 13-minute practice improved attention, working memory, and recognition memory while reducing anxiety, even in people who'd never meditated before.

The takeaway is: morning NSDR doesn't make you drowsy. It makes you focused and calm, which is a better starting point for your day than caffeine-fueled alertness.

The 10-minute morning NSDR protocol

Here's what a morning session looks like. It's the same core protocol, compressed:

• Minutes 0-2: Extended exhale breathing (4 seconds in, 6 seconds out)
• Minutes 2-8: Rapid body scan, spending about 10 seconds per zone rather than 20-30
• Minutes 8-9: Rest in stillness
• Minutes 9-10: Slow return with deeper breaths

The key difference from an afternoon session: you stay slightly more alert. Keep the lights dimmer but not dark. Some people find it helpful to sit reclined rather than fully lying down.

Stacking NSDR with your existing morning routine

The best times to practice NSDR depend on your schedule, but for a morning routine, here's what works:

1. Wake up, use the bathroom, get water
2. NSDR session (10 minutes)
3. Sunlight exposure (Huberman's other non-negotiable)
4. Then coffee, breakfast, whatever your routine is

Don't do NSDR right after waking. Give yourself 5 to 10 minutes of being upright first. Your body needs that initial cortisol pulse. You're not suppressing the spike, you're regulating it.

Everyone cites the "65% dopamine increase" from NSDR without explaining what it actually means. So I dug into the actual study.

The dopamine study everyone cites wrong

The 2002 Kjaer study at the Kennedy Institute in Copenhagen used 11C-raclopride PET scans to measure dopamine release in the brains of experienced yoga nidra practitioners. They found that raclopride binding in the ventral striatum decreased by 7.9% during practice. Based on established conversion rates (1% binding decrease equals roughly 8% more extracellular dopamine), that translates to about a 65% increase in endogenous dopamine release.

Here's the key distinction: this isn't a dopamine "hit" like you'd get from social media or sugar. It's replenishment of baseline reserves. Huberman explains this using a wave pool analogy: "If we are going to feel motivated at all, we are going to have to have enough dopamine in the wave pool before we can generate any waves or peaks in dopamine."

NSDR fills the pool. It doesn't create a spike that crashes afterward. That's why you feel calm and motivated after a session, not buzzed and then depleted.

How extended exhales flip your nervous system

Here's what I find most people miss: the breathing component of NSDR is a direct input to your autonomic nervous system, not a relaxation trick.

When you extend your exhale beyond your inhale, you increase vagal tone. This shifts your nervous system from sympathetic dominance (stress, cortisol) to parasympathetic dominance (rest, recovery). The science of NSDR confirms: heart rate drops within the first 2 minutes, cortisol decreases, and your brain starts producing alpha waves instead of beta.

Alpha and theta brainwaves: what the shift feels like

In practice, the shift feels like this: you go from beta (active thinking) to alpha (calm awareness, like right before sleep) to theta (the NSDR sweet spot where internal chatter goes quiet).

That theta state is where dopamine release happens. It's also where neuroplasticity increases, which is why Huberman recommends NSDR after intense learning to accelerate skill acquisition by roughly 50%.

Not every session needs to look the same. Here's how to match the protocol to what you actually need.

For focus and productivity (10-minute afternoon reset)

This is what Huberman himself uses daily: a short NSDR session between work blocks. The goal isn't deep relaxation, it's a neural reset.

Keep it to 10 minutes. Use a guided track. Do it after lunch or whenever your afternoon energy dips. You'll come back sharper than if you'd pushed through the slump.

For sleep recovery (20-minute pre-bed session)

If you slept poorly, a 20-minute NSDR session can partially compensate. Research suggests a 30-minute session provides restorative benefits comparable to several hours of light sleep. I'd frame that carefully: it's not a replacement for actual sleep, but it's far better than nothing. Do this lying in bed with lights off. If you fall asleep, that's fine.

For stress and anxiety (15-minute emergency reset)

When your nervous system is in overdrive, spend the first 3 to 4 minutes on breathing alone before starting the body scan. In my view, this is where a guided track becomes essential. When you're stressed, self-guiding a body scan is like giving yourself directions while lost.

I've seen these patterns repeatedly. Here's what trips people up and how to fix it.

Falling asleep every time

If you fall asleep during every NSDR session, you're probably sleep deprived. That's not an NSDR problem, that's a sleep problem. Fix the sleep first.

In the meantime, try doing NSDR sitting reclined at 45 degrees instead of lying flat. The slight incline keeps your brain in the "not sleeping" zone while still allowing relaxation.

Mind racing and can't relax

Don't fight the thoughts. The guided body scan gives your mind something to follow. Each time your attention wanders, the next audio cue pulls it back without effort.

If self-guided sessions aren't working, that's your answer. I'd recommend switching to guided tracks until the pattern becomes familiar, which takes about 2 to 3 weeks of daily practice.

Expecting results too fast

The Suzuki study found significant improvements after 8 weeks, not after one session. You'll feel calmer immediately, but better sleep, sharper focus, and lower baseline anxiety take consistent practice.

Here is the protocol: one session per day, 10 minutes, same time each day. Give it 2 weeks before evaluating.

If you've made it this far, you know how to do NSDR. If I had to pick one piece of advice: don't overthink it. Pick a guided NSDR track and press play. No equipment, no app subscriptions, no special training. Just you, a flat surface, and 10 minutes.

What I'd look for in a track:

• Clear body scan progression with pacing cues
• Extended exhale breathing guidance
• Options for 10, 20, or 30 minutes depending on your goal
• Protocol-first approach, not spiritual language

Start the full NSDR track library to make regulation a daily protocol.

How long should an NSDR session be?

An NSDR session should be at least 10 minutes to start. That's enough to produce measurable changes in brain chemistry. Once you're comfortable, extend to 20 or 30 minutes for deeper recovery. Huberman's own daily practice is typically 10 to 20 minutes.

Can you do NSDR sitting up?

Yes, you can do NSDR sitting up, but lying down is better. The point is to let your muscles fully disengage, which is harder upright. If lying down makes you fall asleep, try sitting reclined at 45 degrees.

Is NSDR better than a nap?

Whether NSDR is better than a nap depends on the situation. Naps give you actual sleep stages. NSDR keeps you conscious but deeply relaxed. The advantage: no sleep inertia (that groggy feeling), and you can do it in 10 minutes without derailing your sleep schedule. For most afternoon slumps, I'd pick NSDR.

How often should you practice NSDR?

You should practice NSDR daily for best results. Dr. Wendy Suzuki's research showed daily 13-minute sessions produced significant cognitive benefits after 8 weeks. Even 3 to 4 times per week helps, but daily practice compounds the benefits faster. Once you learn how to do NSDR properly, fitting it into your schedule gets easy.

What's the difference between NSDR and yoga nidra?

The difference between NSDR and yoga nidra is mostly framing. NSDR is the umbrella term Huberman created for guided relaxation protocols that keep you awake while deeply resting. Yoga nidra is the most well-studied version, rooted in yogic tradition. Same core technique: guided body scan plus breath work plus intentional relaxation. NSDR strips the spiritual framework and focuses on neuroscience.